Frost flowers in the laboratory: Growth, characteristics, aerosol, and the underlying sea ice
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
6-17-2011
Publication Title
Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres
Department
Thayer School of Engineering
Abstract
In the laboratory, we have investigated the growth and composition of frost flowers. Their ionic composition has shown little difference from those of field measurements. Young frost flowers grown on sea ice are saline, leading us to speculate that wicking occurs continually during their growth on sea ice. The surface area of frost flowers is only a little larger than the area of ice underneath, consistent with recent field measurements from the Arctic. Time-lapse photography has allowed us to observe the extreme mobility of freshly forming sea ice, at the stage at which the mush has become rather solid, and continuing while the flowers grow. This mobility results in new brine being expelled to the surface, which therefore remains wet. During various stages of frost flower growth, we observed their freshly formed dendritic parts rapidly diminishing in size after contacting the surface, consistent with repeated wicking. Frost flowers proved to be very stable in the presence of wind, such that no aerosol was observed when wind was blown across them in the laboratory chamber. This is consistent with recent field observations of frost flowers coexisting with wind-blown snow.
DOI
10.1029/2010JD015144
Dartmouth Digital Commons Citation
Roscoe, H K.; Brooks, B; Jackson, A V.; Smith, M H.; Walker, S J.; Obbard, Rachel; and Wolff, E W., "Frost flowers in the laboratory: Growth, characteristics, aerosol, and the underlying sea ice" (2011). Dartmouth Scholarship. 103.
https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/facoa/103
