This collection contains works by faculty from the Geisel School of Medicine.

Follow


Submissions from 2001

PDF

Central Chemosensitivity, Sleep, and Wakefulness, E. E. Nattie and A Li

PDF

Erv41p and Erv46p New Components of Copii Vesicles Involved in Transport between the ER and Golgi Complex, Stefan Otte, William J. Belden, Matthew Heidtman, Jay Liu, Ole N. Jensen, and Charles Barlowe

PDF

Marek's Disease Virus (MDV) Encodes an Interleukin-8 Homolog (vIL-8): Characterization of the vIL-8 Protein and a vIL-8 Deletion Mutant MDV, Mark S. Parcells, Su-Fang Lin, Robert L. Dienglewicz, Vladimir Majerciak, Dan R. Robinson, Hua-Chien Chen, Zining Wu, George R. Dubyak, Peter Brunovskis, and Henry D. Hunt

PDF

Effect of Seeing Tobacco Use in Films on Trying Smoking among Adolescents: Cross Sectional Study, James D. Sargent, Michael L. Beach, Madeline A. Dalton, Leila A. Mott, Jennifer J. Tickle, M. Bridget Ahrens, and Todd F. Heatherton

PDF

SarT, a Repressor of α-Hemolysin in Staphylococcus aureus, Katherine A. Schmidt, Adhar C. Manna, Steven Gill, and Ambrose L. Cheung

PDF

Clumping Factor A Mediates Binding of Staphylococcus aureus to Human Platelets, Ian R. Siboo, Ambrose L. Cheung, Arnold S. Bayer, and Paul M. Sullam

PDF

Firefly Flashing is Controlled by Gating Oxygen to Light-Emitting Cells, G. S. Timmins, F. J. Robb, C. M. Wilmot, S. K. Jackson, and H. M. Swartz

PDF

Distinct Retrieval and Retention Mechanisms are Required for the Quality Control of Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Folding, Shilpa Vashist, Woong Kim, William J. Belden, Eric D. Spear, Charles Barlowe, and Davis T.W. Ng

PDF

Anti-Class II Monoclonal Antibody-Targeted Vibrio cholerae TcpA Pilin: Modulation of Serologic Response, Epitope Specificity, and Isotype, Jia-Yan Wu, Ronald K. Taylor, and William F. Wade

PDF

Evaluation of Cholera Vaccines Formulated with Toxin-Coregulated Pilin Peptide Plus Polymer Adjuvant in Mice, Jia-Yan Wu, William F. Wade, and Ronald K. Taylor

Submissions from 2000

PDF

Asymmetric Requirements for a Rab Gtpase and Snare Proteins in Fusion of Copii Vesicles with Acceptor Membranes, Xiaochun Cao and Charles Barlowe

PDF

Differential Infectivity and Division of Toxoplasma gondii in Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes, Jacqueline Y. Channon, Rosanne M. Seguin, and Lloyd H. Kasper

PDF

Microbial Biofilms: From Ecology to Molecular Genetics, Mary Ellen Davey and George A. O'toole

PDF

Attachment of Toxoplasma gondii to a Specific Membrane Fraction of CHO Cells, Chaitali Dutta, Jane Grimwood, and Lloyd H. Kasper

PDF

Applications of magnetic resonance in model systems: Cancer therapeutics, Jeffrey L. Evelhoch, Robert J. Gillies, Gregory S. Karczmar, Jason A. Koutcher, Ross J. Maxwell, Orhan Nalcioglu, Natarajan Raghunand, Sabrina M. Ronen, Brian D. Ross, and Harold M. Swartz

PDF

Associations among Hospital Capacity, Utilization, and Mortality of US Medicare Beneficiaries, Controlling for Sociodemographic Factors., E. S. Fisher, J. E. Wennberg, T. A. Stukel, J. S. Skinner, and S. M. Sharp

PDF

Lineage-Restricted Function of Nuclear Factor KappaB-Inducing Kinase (NIK) in Transducing Signals Via CD40., Norman Garceau, Yoko Kosaka, Sally Masters, John Hambor, Reiko Shinkura, Tasuko Honjo, and Randolph J. Noelle

PDF

Auto-Inhibition of Ets-1 Is Counteracted by DNA Binding Cooperativity with Core-Binding Factor α2, Tamara L. Goetz, Ting-Lei Gu, Nancy A. Speck, and Barbara J. Graves

PDF

Staphylococcus aureus RN6390 Replicates and Induces Apoptosis in a Pulmonary Epithelial Cell Line, Barbara C. Kahl, Mark Goulian, Willem van Wamel, Mathias Herrmann, Sanford M. Simon, Gilla Kaplan, Georg Peters, and Ambrose L. Cheung

PDF

Effects of Estradiol and Progesterone on Susceptibility and Early Immune Responses to Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in the Female Reproductive Tract, Charu Kaushic, Fan Zhou, Andrew D. Murdin, and Charles R. Wira

PDF

Naturally Occurring TAP-Dependent Specific T-Cell Tolerance for a Variant of an Immunodominant Retroviral Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitope, Victor Kim, Jonathan W. Yewdell, and William R. Green

PDF

Differential Activation of the tcpPH Promoter by AphB Determines Biotype Specificity of Virulence Gene Expression in Vibrio cholerae, Gabriela Kovacikova and Karen Skorupski

PDF

Phosphorylation of the Neurospora Clock Protein FREQUENCY Determines its Degradation Rate and Strongly Influences the Period Length of the Circadian Clock, Yi Liu, Jennifer Loros, and Jay C. Dunlap

PDF

Chemopreventive Effect of Oltipraz on AFB1-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Tree Shrew Model, Yuan Li, Jian Jia Su, Liu L. Qin, Chun Yang, Dan Luo, Ke C. Ban, T. W. Kensler, and B. D. Roebuck

PDF

Anti-Gag Cytolytic T Lymphocytes Specific for an Alternative Translational Reading Frame-Derived Epitope and Resistance Versus Susceptibility to Retrovirus-Induced Murine AIDS in F1 Mice, Shawn-Marie Mayrand, Patricia A. Healy, Bruce E. Torbett, and William R. Green

PDF

Lack of CD4+ T Cells Does Not Affect Induction of CD8+ T-Cell Immunity against Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infection, Magali Moretto, Lori Casciotti, Brigit Durell, and Imtiaz A. Khan

PDF

Vibrio cholerae H-NS Silences Virulence Gene Expression at Multiple Steps in the ToxR Regulatory Cascade, Melinda B. Nye, James D. Pfau, Karen Skorupski, and Ronald K. Taylor

PDF

The Global Carbon Metabolism Regulator Crc Is a Component of a Signal Transduction Pathway Required for Biofilm Development by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, George A. O'Toole, Karine A. Gibbs, Paul W. Hager, Paul V. Phibbs, and Roberto Kolter

PDF

The Docking Stage of Yeast Vacuole Fusion Requires the Transfer of Proteins from a Cis-Snare Complex to a Rab/Ypt Protein, Albert Price, Darren Seals, William Wickner, and Christian Ungermann

PDF

Proteins Needed for Vesicle Budding from the Golgi Complex are Also Required for the Docking Step of Homotypic Vacuole Fusion, Albert Price, William Wickner, and Christian Ungermann

PDF

Inhibition of Antiviral CTL Responses by Virus-Infected Cells: Line Item Veto (Cells) Revisited, Robert F. Rich and William R. Green

PDF

A Ypt/Rab Effector Complex Containing the Sec1 Homolog Vps33p is Required for Homotypic Vacuole Fusion, Darren F. Seals, Gary Eitzen, Nathan Margolis, William T. Wickner, and Albert Price

PDF

Direct Determination of the Kinetics of Oxygen Diffusion to the Photocytes of a Bioluminescent Elaterid Larva, Measurement of Gas- and Aqueous-Phase Diffusional Barriers and Modelling of Oxygen Supply, G. S. Timmins, E. J. Bechara, and H. M. Swartz

PDF

A New Role for a SNARE Protein as a Regulator of the Ypt7/Rab-Dependent Stage of Docking, Christian Ungermann, Albert Price, and William Wickner

Submissions from 1999

PDF

Immune Responses Induced by Gene Gun or Intramuscular Injection of DNA Vaccines That Express Immunogenic Regions of the Serine Repeat Antigen from Plasmodium falciparum, Alexia A. Belperron, David Feltquate, Barbara A. Fox, Toshihiro Horii, and David J. Bzik

PDF

Attachment Ligands of Viable Toxoplasma gondii Induce Soluble Immunosuppressive Factors in Human Monocytes, Jacqueline Y. Channon, Edward I. Suh, Rosanne M. Seguin, and Lloyd H. Kasper

PDF

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii soluble antigen, SAG-1 (p30), antibody and immune complex in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV positive or negative individuals, Flávia A. Chaves-Borges, Maria A. Souza, Deise A.O. Silva, Lloyd H. Kasper, and José R. Mineo

PDF

Dichotomy between Naïve and Memory CD4+ T Cell Responses to Fas Engagement, J. Desbarats, T. Wade, W. F. Wade, and M. K. Newell

PDF

Pregnant Rat Uterus Expresses High Levels of the Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase, Valerie Anne Galton, Elena Martinez, Arturo Hernandez, Emily A. St. Germain, Joanne M. Bates, and Donald L. St. Germain

PDF

Mechanisms of Immunotherapeutic Intervention by Anti-CD40L (CD154) Antibody in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis, Laurence M. Howard, Amy J. Miga, Carol L. Vanderlugt, Mauro C. Dal Canto, John D. Laman, Randolph J. Noelle, and Stephen D. Miller

PDF

Fas-FasL Interaction Involved in Pathogenesis of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Mice, Mark S. Hu, Joseph D. Schwartzman, Grant R. Yeaman, Jane Collins, Rosanne Seguin, Imtiaz A. Khan, and Lloyd H. Kasper

PDF

Immune CD8+ T Cells Prevent Reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in the Immunocompromised Host, Imtiaz A. Khan, William R. Green, Lloyd H. Kasper, Kathy A. Green, and Joseph D. Schwartzman

PDF

Role of Gamma Interferon in Cellular Immune Response against Murine Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infection, Imtiaz A. Khan and Magali Moretto

PDF

A Vibrio Cholerae LysR Homolog, AphB, Cooperates with AphA at the tcpPH Promoter To Activate Expression of the ToxR Virulence Cascade, Gabriela Kovacikova and Karen Skorupski

PDF

Core-Binding Factor Influences the Disease Specificity of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus, Amy F. Lewis, Terryl Stacy, William R. Green, Lekidelu Taddesse-Heath, Janet W. Hartley, and Nancy A. Speck

PDF

Genetic and Transcriptional Analyses of the Vibrio cholerae Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutinin Type 4 Pilus Gene Locus, Jane W. Marsh and Ronald K. Taylor

PDF

The Kinesin-Related Protein, Hset, Opposes the Activity of Eg5 and Cross-Links Microtubules in the Mammalian Mitotic Spindle, Vicki Mountain, Calvin Simerly, Louisa Howard, Asako Ando, Gerald Schatten, and Duane A. Compton

PDF

A PDZ-Interacting Domain in CFTR is an Apical Membrane Polarization Signal, Bryan D. Moyer, Jerod Denton, Katherine H. Karlson, Donna Reynolds, Shusheng Wang, John E. Mickle, Michael Milewski, Garry R. Cutting, William B. Guggino, Min Li, and Bruce A. Stanton

PDF

Differential Transcription of the tcpPH Operon Confers Biotype-Specific Control of the Vibrio cholerae ToxR Virulence Regulon, Yvette M. Murley, Patricia A. Carroll, Karen Skorupski, Ronald K. Taylor, and Stephen B. Calderwood

PDF

Cbfa2 is Required for the Formation of Intra-Aortic Hematopoietic Clusters, Trista North, Ting-Lei Gu, Stacy Terryl, Qing Wang, Louisa Howard, Michael Binder, Miguel Marín-Padilla, and Nancy A. Speck

PDF

Interruption of Multiple Cellular Processes in HT-29 Epithelial Cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exoenzyme S, Joan C. Olson, Jennifer E. Fraylick, Eileen M. McGuffie, Katherine M. Dolan, Timothy L. Yahr, Dara W. Frank, and Timothy S. Vincent

PDF

Dynactin is Required for Microtubule Anchoring at Centrosomes, N J. Quintyne, S. R. Gill, D M. Eckley, C L. Crego, D A. Compton, and T A. Schroer

PDF

Antiretroviral Cytolytic T-Lymphocyte Nonresponsiveness: FasL/Fas-Mediated Inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ Antiviral T Cells by Viral Antigen-Positive Veto Cells, Robert F. Rich and William R. Green

PDF

A Ligand Binding Domain Mutation in the Mouse Glucocorticoid Receptor Functionally Links Chromatin Remodeling and Transcription Initiation, Lynn A. Sheldon, Catharine L. Smith, Jack E. Bodwell, Allan U. Munck, and Gordon L. Hager

PDF

Interpreting Patterns of Gene Expression with Self-Organizing Maps: Methods and Application to Hematopoietic Differentiation, Pablo Tamayo, Donna Slonim, Jill Mesirov, Qing Zhu, Sutisak Kitareewan, and Ethan Dmitrovsky

PDF

Measurement of Oxygen Partial Pressure, its Control During Hypoxia and Hyperoxia, and its Effect upon Light Emission in a Bioluminescent Elaterid Larva, G. S. Timmins, C. A. A. Penatti, E. J. H. Bechara, and H. M. Swartz

PDF

Three v-SNAREs and Two t-SNAREs, Present in a Pentameric cis-SNARE Complex on Isolated Vacuoles, Are Essential for Homotypic Fusion, Christian Ungermann, Gabriele F. von Mollard, Ole N. Jensen, Nathan Margolis, Tom H. Stevens, and William Wickner

PDF

Vacuole Acidification is Required for Trans-SNARE Pairing, LMA1 Release, and Homotypic Fusion, Christian Ungermann, William Wickner, and Zuoyu Xu

PDF

Sec34p, a Protein Required for Vesicle Tethering to the Yeast Golgi Apparatus, is in a Complex with Sec35p, Susan M. VanRheenen, Xiaochun Cao, Stephanie K. Sapperstein, Elbert C. Chiang, Vladimir V. Lupashin, Charles Barlowe, and M. Gerard Waters

Submissions from 1998

PDF

The Leukemic Protein Core Binding Factor Beta (CBFbeta)-Smooth-Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Sequesters CBFalpha2 into Cytoskeletal Filaments and Aggregates, Neeraj Adya, Terryl Stacy, Nancy A. Speck, and Pu Paul Liu

PDF

CD4(+) T Cells Tolerized Ex Vivo to Host Alloantigen by Anti-CD40 Ligand (CD40L:CD154) Antibody Lose their Graft-Versus-Host Disease Lethality Capacity but Retain Nominal Antigen Responses., Bruce R. Blazar, Patricia A. Taylor, Randolph J. Noelle, and Daniel A. Vallera

PDF

Drosophila Fascin Mutants are Rescued by Overexpression of the Villin-like Protein, Quail, Kelly Cant, Brenda A. Knowles, Shalina Mahajan-Miklos, Matthew Heintzelman, and Lynn Cooley

PDF

Heterologous Complementation Reveals that Mutant Alleles of QSR1 Render 60S Ribosomal Subunits Unstable and Translationally Inactive, Frederick A. Dick and Bernard L. Trumpower

PDF

The SecA Subunit of Escherichia coli Preprotein Translocase Is Exposed to the Periplasm, Jerry Eichler and William Wickner

PDF

Subcellular Localization of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Living Cells: Effects of Receptor Agonists and Antagonists, Géza Fejes-Tóth, David Pearce, and Anikó Náray-Fejes-Tóth

PDF

Identification and Characterization of SpcU, a Chaperone Required for Efficient Secretion of the ExoU Cytotoxin, Viviane Finck-Barbançon, Timothy L. Yahr, and Dara W. Frank

PDF

How do HMOs Achieve Savings? The Effectiveness of One Organization's Strategies., Ann B. Flood, Allen M. Fremont, K Jin, and David M. Bott

PDF

The Sequential Role of Lymphotoxin and B Cells in the Development of Splenic Follicles, Mercedes Gonzalez, Fabienne Mackay, Jeffrey L. Browning, Marie H. Kosco-Vilbois, and Randolph J. Noelle

PDF

Molecular Basis for Effects of Carcinogenic Heavy Metals on Inducible Gene Expression, Joshua W. Hamilton, Ronald C. Kaltreider, Olga V. Bajenova, Michael A. Ihnat, Jennifer McCaffrey, Bruce W. Turpie, Erin E. Rowell, Jannet Oh, Michael J. Nemeth, Carrie A. Pesce, and Jean P. Lariviere

PDF

Interprofessional Working and Continuing Medical Education., Linda Headrick, Peter Wilcock, and Paul Batalden

PDF

Design of an Epidemiologic Study of Drinking Water Arsenic Exposure and Skin and Bladder Cancer Risk in a U.S. Population, Margaret R. Karagas, Tor D. Tosteson, Joel Blum, J Steven Morris, John A. Baron, and Bjoern Klaue

PDF

Hormone Replacement Therapy and Risk of Hip Fracture: Population Based Case-Control Study, Karl Michaëlsson, John A. Baron, Bahman Y. Farahmand, Olof Johnell, Cecilia Magnusson, Per-Gunnar Persson, Ingemar Persson, and Sverker Ljunghall

PDF

Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cells Protect against Lethal Toxoplasmosis in Mice Infected with Neospora caninum, Lloyd H. Kasper and Imtiaz A. Khan

PDF

Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in the Female Reproductive Tract of the Rat: Influence of Progesterone on Infectivity and Immune Response, Charu Kaushic, Andrew D. Murdin, Brian J. Underdown, and Charles R. Wira

PDF

The “Spot 14” Gene Resides on the Telomeric End of the 11q13 Amplicon and is Expressed in Lipogenic Breast Cancers: Implications for Control of Tumor Metabolism, Joel T. Moncur, Jonathan P. Park, Vincent A. Memoli, T. K. Mohandas, and William B. Kinlaw

PDF

A Longitudinal Study of Hospitalization Rates for Patients with Chronic Disease: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study., Eugene C. Nelson, Colleen A. McHorney, Willard G. Manning, and W H. Rogers

PDF

Conserved Elements Containing NF-E2 and Tandem GATA Binding Sites are Required for Erythroid-Specific Chromatin Structure Reorganization within the Human Beta-Globin Locus Control Region, Oded Pomerantz, Andrew J. Goodwin, Terrence Joyce, and Christopher H. Lowrey

PDF

Transport of Axl2p Depends on Erv14p, an ER–Vesicle Protein Related to the Drosophila cornichon Gene Product, Jacqueline Powers and Charles Barlowe

PDF

Overexpression of Glyoxalase-I in Bovine Endothelial Cells Inhibits Intracellular Advanced Glycation Endproduct Formation and prevents hyperglycemia-induced increases in macromolecular endocytosis., Moritsugu Shinohara, P J. Thornalley, Ida Giardino, Paul Beisswenger, Suzanne R. Thorpe, Joelle Onorato, and Michael Brownlee

PDF

Expression of Toxoplasma gondii-Specific Heat Shock Protein 70 during In Vivo Conversion of Bradyzoites to Tachyzoites, Neide M. Silva, Ricardo T. Gazzinelli, Deise A. O. Silva, Eloisa A. V. Ferro, Lloyd H. Kasper, and Jose R. Mineo

PDF

Investigation of the Roles of Toxin-Coregulated Pili and Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutinin Pili in the Pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae O139 Infection, Carol O. Tacket, Ronald K. Taylor, Genevieve Losonsky, and Yu Lim

PDF

A Vacuolar v–t-SNARE Complex, the Predominant Form In Vivo and on Isolated Vacuoles, Is Disassembled and Activated for Docking and Fusion, Christian Ungermann, Benjamin J. Nichols, Hugh R. B. Pelham, and William Wickner

PDF

Sec35p, a Novel Peripheral Membrane Protein, Is Required for ER to Golgi Vesicle Docking, Susan M. VanRheenen, Xiaochun Cao, Vladimir V. Lupashin, Charles Barlowe, and M. Gerard Waters

PDF

Adenoma Characteristics at First Colonoscopy as Predictors of Adenoma Recurrence and Characteristics at Follow-Up, Rosalind U. van Stolk, Gerald J. Beck, John A. Baron, Robert Haile, and Robert Summers

PDF

ExoY, an Adenylate Cyclase Secreted by the Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Type III System, Timothy L. Yahr, Amy J. Vallis, Michael Hancock, Joseph T. Barbieri, and Dara W. Frank

Submissions from 1997

PDF

Increased focal Adhesion Kinase- and Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor-Associated Cell Signaling in Endothelial Cells Exposed to Asbestos, A Barchowsky, B M. Lannon, L C. Elmore, and M D. Treadwell

PDF

Coupled ER to Golgi Transport Reconstituted with Purified Cytosolic Proteins, Charles Barlowe

PDF

SCH 48973: a Potent, Broad-Spectrum, Antienterovirus Compound., Peter J. Buontempo, Stuart Cox, Jacquelyn Wright-Minogue, Jason L. DeMartino, Angela M. Skelton, Eric Ferrari, Randi Albin, Edward J. Rozhon, V. Girijavallabhan, John F. Modlin, and John F. O'Connell

PDF

Analysis of Enhancer Function of the HS-40 Core Sequence of the Human Alpha-Globin Cluster, Hsiaoli Chen, Christopher H. Lowrey, and George Stamatoyannopoulos

PDF

Identification of a Novel Antiapoptotic Functional Domain in Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen., Suzanne D. Conzen, Christine A. Snay, and Charles N. Cole

PDF

C-terminal Truncations of the Yeast Nucleoporin Nup145p Produce a Rapid Temperature-conditional mRNA Export Defect and Alterations to Nuclear Structure., Thomas C. Dockendorff, Catherine V. Heath, Alan L. Goldstein, Christine A. Snay, and C N. Cole

PDF

Both an N-Terminal 65-Kda Domain and a C-Terminal 30-Kda Domain of Seca Cycle into the Membrane at Secyeg During Translocation, Jerry Eichler and William Wickner

PDF

SQT1, which Encodes an Essential WD Domain Protein of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Suppresses Dominant-negative Mutations of the Ribosomal Protein Gene QSR1., Dominic P. Eisinger, Frederick A. Dick, Elke Denke, and Bernard L. Trumpower

PDF

Qsr1p, a 60S Ribosomal Subunit Protein, is Required for Joining of 40S and 60S Subunits., Dominic P. Eisinger, Frederick A. Dick, and Bernard L. Trumpower

PDF

Long-inverse PCR to generate regional peptide libraries by codon mutagenesis, Dominic P. Eisinger and Bernard L. Trumpower

PDF

ETS-Core Binding Factor: a Common Composite Motif in Antigen Receptor Gene Enhancers, Batu Erman, Marta Cortes, Barbara S. Nikolajczyk, Nancy A. Speck, and Ranjan Sen

PDF

Analysis of Mutant Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptors Expressed in PC12 Cells Identifies Signals Governing Sodium Channel Induction during Neuronal Differentiation., Gary R. Fanger, Richard R. Vaillancourt, Lynn E. Heasley, Jean-Pierre P. Montmayeur, Gary L. Johnson, and Robert A. Maue

PDF

Mitotic Spindle Poles are Organized by Structural and Motor Proteins in Addition to Centrosomes, Tirso Gaglio, Mary A. Dionne, and Duane A. Duane A. Compton

PDF

The Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase is Expressed Primarily in Glial Cells in the Neonatal Rat Brain, Ana Guadaño-Ferraz, Maria Jesus Obregón, Donald L. St. Germain, and Juan Bernal

PDF

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Cells and Tissues from the Upper and Lower Human Female Reproductive Tract, Alexandra L. Howell, Robert D. Edkins, Sherry E. Rier, Grant R. Yeaman, Judy E. Stern, Michael W. Fanger, and Charles R. Wira